[Jody
The pH Buffer solution will last longer if you clean crud off your probe before you dip it in there. Buffers are designed to "cope" with foreign matter being added to them, but there is a limit to how much abuse they take. In normal laboratory use, buffers are changed out weekly, or if the solution becomes visibly contaminated. A good rinse in RO/DI before dipping your probe into the solution will do wonders for the shelf life of your buffer. When you make up the solution from powder, you can use 5% for calibration, and save the other 95% for monthly changes (store the 95% in a plastic water sample bottle in the refrigerator. Discard if the buffer becomes cloudy. This should give you 20 months of use from 1 powder sachet, the 1 pint bottle that I sell will be good for about 3 years. We portion off 0.5 oz amounts into plastic vials (I can get you a couple of these vials for free when you buy the buffer). These are changed weekly in out lab.
Marc
I can see a screw next to a "7", but the thermometer is obscuring the second screw, maybe? Your manual should say how to do a 2 point calibration, if it is capable. What does the other number say? If it says "slope", then you should be good to go.
The fridge is a good place for buffers. Only take out enough for current use, so that you don't risk contaminating the whole bottle. The 2 things that can screw up your buffer are algae/bacteria, and physical contamination by inserting dirty probes. Manufacturers usually put an expiry date on the bottom of the bottles, but in reality, the solutions can be OK for years beyond these dates. Its a case of limiting their liabilities.
In laboratories, it is common to check pH readings against buffers, immediately prior to use. This can mean checking 30 or 40 times a day. If the meter is more than 0.05 pH units from nominal values, then a full calibration is carried out. This will ensure that your readings are perfect, and is not so bad if you are only doing a weekly check. To be honest with you, even $1000 pH meters will drift around over the course of a day, and your model is "economy" by comparison. You really need to check prior to each reading.
Yup, I can get hold of spare probes for your meter. Just give me the part# if you can, and I will get a quote for you. I don't want to make any money from my services, you will pay what i pay, not a bean more.
Take care y'all]